Paraphrase: we do when we paraphrase repeated this already expressed a text. This is a major obstacle in the literary commentary since it leads to dilute the content instead of explain. But many candidates in the dissertation are also paraphrase, precisely when their general knowledge fails them: instead of providing an organized reflection highlighting the exploitation of the corpus in the light of their personal knowledge, they begin to comment on the proposed documents. Hence a total absence of demonstrative reasoning.

The tendency to generalize: it affects a number of candidates (sometimes value) experiencing difficulties in prioritizing and selecting their knowledge: they want to while neglecting the specific aspects of the subject: that is to say its delimitation. Their duty and looks like a kind of very general presentation or speech. Another scenario: you are to a subject like a problem already treated, and you want to reuse your knowledge … the risk of falling into the general forgetting taking careful account of the specific subject that is before you.

Too much personal involvement: the difference in writing of invention, the essay is not an exercise in style. We do not expect the candidate gradations, anaphora, colorful metaphors, etc. You do not need to emotionally or emotionally involved in your work, or challenge the reader as you would for example in a newspaper article, speech, debate, letter, etc. You must instead objectify your duty, that is to say, made ​​objective by a neutral and sober expression, which takes into account the communication situation imposed, so no poetry, no exaggerated lyricism, and of course not polemical spirit! The goal is to convince in a language that must always be supported.